Houston Divorce Lawyer
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to get a divorce?
Do I need a "legal
separation" from my spouse?
How is
property divided between spouses in a divorce?
What is the difference
between separate and community property?
How is child
support calculated?
What is "standard"
visitation?
Do I have to show fault to get
a divorce?
1. How long does
it take to get a divorce?
If the spouses have reached an agreement on all of the relevant issues
a divorce may be obtained on the 61st day after the divorce petition
was filed. If an agreement is not possible and the case must be tried,
the length of time is primarily dependent on the Court's docket. In Harris
County, most divorce cases are set for trial within six to twelve months
after the divorce petition is filed.
2. Do I need a "legal
separation" from my spouse?
While some states recognize a legal status known as "legal separation," Texas
does not. Under the Texas Family Code spouses are married until the Court
grants a divorce.
3. Where can I
file for divorce?
You can file for divorce in a county in which either you or your spouse
has lived for at least 90 days, as long as that same person has lived
in Texas for at least six months.
4. How is property
divided between spouses in a divorce?
The Texas Family Code requires that the Court divide the community property
of the spouses "in a manner that the Court deems just and right." This
means the Court is not required to divide the property 50-50 and can
consider a variety of factors in deciding what is "just and right." These
factors can include fault in the divorce, disparity in earning power,
disparity in amount of separate property, etc.
5. What is the
difference between separate and community property?
Generally, a spouse's separate property is property that was either:
- owned by the spouse before marriage
- acquired by gift or inheritance, or
- certain kinds of recoveries for personal injuries
6. How is child
support calculated?
In most cases, child support is calculated using a formula in the Texas
Family Code. The payor's monthly "net resources" (a term defined by statute)
is multiplied by a percentage which is determined by the number of children
at issue (e.g., the percentage for one child would be 20%). The payor
is entitled to a reduction if he or she is also responsible for the support
of another child.
7. What is "standard" visitation?
Most divorces involving children name one parent as the primary Joint
Managing Conservator and grant the other parent (also a Joint Managing
Conservator) "Standard Possession Order" visitation. The visitation
is spelled out in great detail in the statute (Texas Family Code
Section 153.312) and should also be spelled out in detail in the
Final Decree of Divorce. A very short hand version of a typical visitation
order (assuming both spouses reside within 100 miles) is as follows:
the 1st, 3rd, and 5th Friday of every month from Friday (beginning
at either school dismissal or 6:00 p.m.) until the following Sunday
at 6:00 p.m., every Thursday beginning at either school dismissal
or 6:00 p.m. and ending either at 8:00 p.m. that night or when school
resumes the following morning), as well as 30 days in the Summer,
and additional visitation periods for Spring Break, Thanksgiving,
and Christmas, depending on whether it an odd or even numbered year.
While Standard Possession Order is the most common visitation schedule,
it may be inappropriate depending on the particular case.
8. What are temporary
orders?
Temporary orders are orders issued by a court, after either a hearing
or an agreement by the parties, which are designed to last until the
divorce is final. Practitioners sometimes refer to them as "band aid" orders.
Temporary orders commonly address issues such as child support, custody
and visitation of the children, exclusive use of the marital residence,
exclusive use of vehicles, alimony, and interim attorneys fees.
9. If my spouse
and I have agreed to all the relevant terms, what is the general
procedure for obtaining and finalizing the divorce?
It is common for spouses to believe that they have an agreement, but
they actually have not addressed all the necessary terms, such as child
custody or support, or property division. Assuming all required terms
are agreed to in advance of filing, the divorce can be a relatively simple
legal procedure. The attorney for the Petitioner (the filing spouse)
files the divorce petition and either has the petition served on the
other spouse or the other spouse executes a Waiver of Service. The Petitioner's
attorney then drafts an Agreed Final Decree of Divorce and any other
necessary documents which are reviewed and signed by the other spouse.
The other spouse is free to hire or consult with an attorney of his or
her own. After the necessary papers are signed by the parties and attorneys,
the Petitioner and his attorney then go to court for a hearing to have
the Court enter the Decree and other documents.
10. Do I have
to show fault to get a divorce?
Texas is a no-fault divorce state which means that it is unnecessary
to show that either party was at fault in order to obtain a divorce.
It is only necessary to show that there is marital discord and there
is no reasonable expectation of reconciliation. However, many fault issues
(adultery, cruelty, etc.) are frequently relevant factors in divorce
cases because they can have an impact on how the community property is
divided, or how custody is decided.
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